**Acmispon maritimus**
**Definition**
*Acmispon maritimus* is a species of flowering plant in the legume family (Fabaceae), commonly known as coastal bird’s-foot trefoil. It is native to western North America, where it typically inhabits coastal and inland regions with sandy or rocky soils.
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## Acmispon maritimus
### Taxonomy and Nomenclature
*Acmispon maritimus* belongs to the family Fabaceae, which is commonly known as the legume, pea, or bean family. The genus *Acmispon* comprises a group of plants often referred to as bird’s-foot trefoils due to the shape of their seed pods. The species epithet *maritimus* indicates its association with maritime or coastal habitats.
Historically, *Acmispon maritimus* was classified under the genus *Lotus* as *Lotus maritimus*, but taxonomic revisions based on molecular phylogenetic studies have led to its reclassification into the genus *Acmispon*. This change reflects a more accurate understanding of evolutionary relationships within the tribe Loteae.
### Description
*Acmispon maritimus* is a perennial herb or subshrub characterized by its low-growing, spreading habit. The plant typically reaches heights of 10 to 40 centimeters (4 to 16 inches), with slender, often trailing stems.
#### Leaves
The leaves are compound and trifoliate, consisting of three small, oval to oblong leaflets. Each leaflet measures approximately 1 to 2 centimeters in length and is smooth-edged with a slightly glossy surface. The leaf arrangement is alternate along the stem.
#### Flowers
The flowers of *Acmispon maritimus* are small and pea-like, typical of the Fabaceae family. They are usually yellow, sometimes with faint reddish or pinkish markings, and measure about 1 to 1.5 centimeters in length. The inflorescences are borne singly or in small clusters in the leaf axils.
Flowering typically occurs from spring through early summer, although the exact timing can vary depending on local climate conditions.
#### Fruit and Seeds
The fruit is a slender, elongated legume pod, often curved or coiled, measuring 2 to 4 centimeters in length. When mature, the pods dry and split open to release several small, hard seeds. The seed shape and arrangement resemble a bird’s foot, which is the origin of the common name „bird’s-foot trefoil.”
### Distribution and Habitat
*Acmispon maritimus* is native to western North America, with a range extending from British Columbia in Canada through the western United States, including California, Oregon, Washington, and parts of Nevada and Arizona.
#### Habitat
This species is commonly found in coastal dunes, sandy or rocky slopes, chaparral, and open woodlands. It thrives in well-drained soils and is often associated with dry, sunny environments. Its presence in coastal habitats is reflected in its species name, but it is also well adapted to inland habitats with similar soil and moisture conditions.
### Ecology
*Acmispon maritimus* plays an important ecological role in its native habitats. As a member of the legume family, it is capable of nitrogen fixation through symbiotic relationships with rhizobial bacteria in root nodules. This process enriches the soil with nitrogen, benefiting surrounding plant communities.
The flowers attract a variety of pollinators, including native bees and other insects, which facilitate cross-pollination. The seeds are dispersed primarily by gravity and possibly by animals that come into contact with the pods.
### Conservation Status
Currently, *Acmispon maritimus* is not listed as threatened or endangered. It is considered relatively common within its range and does not face significant widespread threats. However, localized habitat loss due to urban development, invasive species, and changes in land use could impact some populations.
### Uses
#### Horticulture
Due to its drought tolerance and attractive yellow flowers, *Acmispon maritimus* is sometimes used in native plant gardens and xeriscaping projects. Its ability to improve soil nitrogen content makes it a valuable component in restoration ecology and habitat rehabilitation.
#### Ethnobotany
There is limited documentation of traditional uses of *Acmispon maritimus* by indigenous peoples. However, related species in the genus have been used for forage and medicinal purposes.
### Cultivation
*Acmispon maritimus* prefers full sun and well-drained soils. It is adapted to dry conditions and requires minimal supplemental watering once established. Propagation is typically achieved through seed, which may benefit from scarification or soaking to improve germination rates.
### Research and Studies
Scientific interest in *Acmispon maritimus* includes studies on its nitrogen-fixing capabilities, adaptation to arid environments, and its role in native plant communities. Molecular phylogenetic research has helped clarify its taxonomic placement within the Fabaceae family.
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**Meta Description:**
*Acmispon maritimus* is a perennial legume native to western North America, known for its yellow flowers and nitrogen-fixing ability. It inhabits coastal and inland dry habitats and contributes to soil enrichment and ecosystem health.