**Nonpoint Source**
**Definition**
Nonpoint source (NPS) pollution refers to diffuse contamination that does not originate from a single, identifiable source. Instead, it results from multiple, widespread activities that release pollutants into the environment, often carried by runoff.
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## Overview of Nonpoint Source Pollution
Nonpoint source pollution is a major environmental concern affecting water quality worldwide. Unlike point source pollution, which comes from specific locations such as pipes or discharge outlets, nonpoint source pollution arises from broad areas. Common contributors include agricultural runoff, urban stormwater, forestry operations, and atmospheric deposition.
## Causes and Types
The primary causes of nonpoint source pollution include the use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture, sediment from soil erosion, oil and grease from urban areas, and excess nutrients from septic systems. Rainfall or snowmelt transports these pollutants into rivers, lakes, and coastal waters, leading to contamination.
## Environmental Impact
Nonpoint source pollution can degrade aquatic ecosystems by introducing excess nutrients that cause algal blooms, reducing oxygen levels, and harming fish and other wildlife. It also affects drinking water supplies and recreational water quality, posing risks to human health.
## Management and Control
Controlling nonpoint source pollution requires integrated approaches such as best management practices (BMPs) in agriculture, improved urban planning, reforestation, and public education. Regulatory frameworks often emphasize voluntary measures and community involvement due to the diffuse nature of the pollution.
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**Meta Description:**
Nonpoint source pollution is diffuse contamination from multiple sources, primarily affecting water quality through runoff. It poses significant environmental challenges requiring integrated management strategies.